The Groundbreaking Study by the Global Centre for Maritime Decarbonization
The Global Centre for Maritime Decarbonization (GCMD) has recently released a pioneering Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study that could potentially revolutionize the commercial viability of Onboard Carbon Capture and Storage (OCCS). This technological advancement not only marks a milestone in emission reduction but also presents new opportunities for professionals in the maritime sector.
Pilot Results: Initial Emission Savings Under Unprecedented Restrictions
The pilot project conducted aboard the Ever Top vessel demonstrated a net greenhouse gas (GHG) emission savings of 7.9%. Despite initial limitations such as the absence of a residual heat recovery system, the results have been promising. This savings was achieved with a capture rate of 10.7%, meaning that for every ton of CO₂ captured and discharged, 0.84 tons of net savings were obtained. These achievements were made under challenging conditions, with the GCMD emphasizing that further optimization could lead to even greater savings. The incorporation of heat recovery systems and logistical efficiency enhancements could significantly improve these initial results.
Potential Savings: From 17.8% to 71% Emission Reduction
The LCA by the GCMD suggests that by optimizing operational inefficiencies such as utilizing residual heat and improving logistics, savings could reach up to 17.8%. However, the true potential lies in increasing the capture rate to 40%, a medium-term industry goal. In an optimized scenario, using the captured carbon for industrial processes like steel sintering or concrete production, total GHG savings could escalate to 71%. This underscores the importance of integrating OCCS with carbon utilization pathways, not only reducing emissions but also creating valuable by-products for other industries.
Regulatory Alert: The Gap in Avoided Emissions
The GCMD study reveals a significant regulatory challenge: current frameworks, including the International Maritime Organization’s Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII), do not account for “avoided emissions.” This oversight could hinder the development of OCCS even before it takes off. “Avoided emissions” refer to saved carbon when captured CO₂ replaces a high-emission industrial product. Ignoring this aspect could disincentivize investments in solutions that could genuinely reduce emission curves. The GCMD advocates for a regulatory framework review to include these benefits, ensuring effective solutions are not overlooked, and investments are directed towards technologies offering real savings.
Strategic Implications for Bunker Centers
For bunker suppliers and port authorities, this advancement redefines the concept of a “bunker hub” by 2030. Infrastructure to receive LCO₂ and ship-to-ship transfer protocols will become crucial alongside traditional fuels. Additionally, coastal industrial groups (cement, steel, and chemicals) will become strategic allies of the maritime sector. These sectors can profitably utilize captured carbon, integrating into a circular economy benefiting both fields. For shipowners, OCCS offers a way to extend the lifespan of vessels powered by heavy fuel oil (HFO), while complying with increasingly stringent EU and IMO regulations.
Comparison: Utilization vs. Permanent Storage at a 40% Capture Rate
The study also compares two approaches to captured carbon: mineralization for industrial use and storage in underwater reservoirs. Mineralization, yielding materials like concrete, offers a net GHG savings of 34%, significantly higher than the 21% from underwater storage. In an optimized setting, the mineralization saving potential can reach up to 71%, emphasizing the importance of using captured carbon in ways that maximize its added value. This approach is not only cost-effective but also aligns with sustainability trends, making OCCS an increasingly attractive option for the maritime transport future.
About the Global Centre for Maritime Decarbonization (GCMD)
Established in 2021, the GCMD is dedicated to supporting the decarbonization of the maritime industry by setting standards, implementing solutions, and funding projects. Backed by strategic partners and situated in Singapore, the world’s largest bunkering center, the GCMD’s mission is clear: bridge technical and operational gaps in deploying new marine fuels and energy efficiency technologies. Their work is not only essential for the industry today but lays the foundation for a cleaner, more sustainable future. This study and its implications provide professionals in the maritime sector, investors, and enthusiasts a unique opportunity to lead in the transition towards a more sustainable future. It’s not just about reducing emissions but redefining the maritime industry as we know it.
